Index

 

 

159

 

54CGDISH   Hearing

1

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK

2

   x

3

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

4

v.   90 CV 5722   (CSH)

5

DISTRICT COUNCIL OF NEW YORK

CITY AND VICINITY OF THE

6

UNITED BROTHERHOOD OF

CARPENTERS AND JOINERS OF

7

AMERICA, et al.,

8

Defendants.

9

   x

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New York, N.Y.

April 12,   2005

11

10:00   a.m.

12

Before:

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HON. CHARLES S. HAIGHT,

14

District Judge

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16

APPEARANCES

17

DAVID N. KELLEY

United States Attorney for the

18

Southern District of New York

EDWARD SCARVALONE

19

LISA ZORNBERG

BENJAMIN TORRANCE

20

Assistant United States Attorneys

21

O'DWYER & BERNSTEIN, LLP

Attorneys for Defendants

22

GARY ROTHMAN

GARY SILVERMAN

23

STEVEN KASARDA

24

 

   25

 

 

SOUTHERN DISTRICT REPORTERS, P.C.

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281

54CJDIS4   Thomassen - direct

   1   BY MR. ROTHMAN:

   2   Q. Mr. Thomassen, the government in this motion has drawn a

   3   great deal of the attention to the requests of the District

   4   Council, and have indicated, and I have asked Mr. Mack a great

   5   deal of questions concerning whether the request system

   6   contributes to wrongdoing or corruption on the job.

   7   Is there a policy that the District Council follows

   8   with respect to the request system?

   9   A. Yes, there is.

   10   THE WITNESS: Your Honor, could I be allowed to give

   11   some background on this request system?

   12   THE COURT: Certainly, if you will do it slowly and

   13   dare I say judiciously in your answer.

   14   THE WITNESS: I will try. New York City is still

   15   today the most unionized city in the country. We are very

   16   proud of that, all of the collective unions that work in New

   17   York City.

   18   We think we're very diligent in trying to keep it that

   19   way. And because of that, and the unions being as strong as

   20   they are in New York City over the years, years ago many unions

   21   had a lot of work rules that at best I could say were

   22   restrictive to the contractor. But because of the strengths of

23   the union, we just were able to overpower them in negotiations

   24   and we kept a lot of those work rules in place.

25   There are many of them. One of them, which we talk

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282

54CJDIS4   Thomassen - direct

1   about a lot today, and it is mentioned in the consent decree

2   and mentioned in the government, is the 50-50 ruling. The

3   50-50 ruling states that half of the members on a particular

4   job site, if the contractor wants to hire 10 carpenters,

5   according to that rule, he can hire five of any carpenters he

6   would like, as long as they're union carpenters, of course, and

7   the other 50, which is the other 50, would come from the union

8   hall.

9   He may never have known them before. He doesn't know

10   who they are. He doesn't know what they can do, but that is

11   the rules. You have to take half of whatever you want to hire,

12   half of them come from the union hall.

13   That was a good thing for the union over the years

14   because as we all know, union carpenters get older. If we all

15   had to race down the block, and we all started at a starting

16   line, we're not all going to finish at the same time. Someone

17   is going to win and somebody will lose. Contractors, of

18   course, always want the 21-year-old carpenter with 40 years of

19   experience. It doesn't always work that way.

20   So the 50-50 ruling was good for us because as our

21   carpenters got older, maybe they weren't as much in demand as

22   they got older. There is nothing wrong with their brain. They

23   just didn't work fast. That was our way of letting those

24   members make a living also. That was a good thing, in my eyes,

25   because I am doing this 35 years, and my job is to service the

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54CJDIS4   Thomassen - direct

   1   membership. That was a good thing.

   2   We have members who aren't as proficient as other

   3   members. Everybody can't be perfect. Some carpenters are

   4   better at what they do and other carpenters aren't quite as

   5   good, and we always had the option that the carpenter can go

   6   back to school, we have the best technical college in the

   7   country. That is not an easy thing to ask somebody to do,

   8   either. You work all day in the field and ask the carpenter to

   9   go to school at night on his own time and try to brush up on a

   10   particular course or a particular skill is not an easy thing to

   11   ask anybody to do

   12   So many of them are reluctant to do it unless they

   13   think they can make themselves more employable by doing it. So

   14   this was a rule that the contractors have fought us over in

   15   every collective bargaining agreement going back as long as I

   16   can remember.

   17   THE COURT: What are the contractors fighting for?

   18   THE WITNESS: The contractors, your Honor, say that

   19   they agree to be a union contractor. I am going to pay all the

   20   wages and benefits I am supposed to pay. All I ask you is let

   21   me hire who I know can do the job.

   22   THE COURT: I see.

   23   THE WITNESS: So we have always fought that. When we

   24   came under supervision in 1996, our international came in, and

   25   as I have said earlier, we went under a restructuring.

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284

54CJDIS4   Thomassen - direct

   1   Part of that restructuring and the philosophy, I have

   2   to say, of the international that governs us is that carpenters

   3   across the country should have full mobility. They should be

   4   able to go and work anywhere they want and no union or district

   5   council should be allowed to stop any carpenter from making a

   6   living in that particular area.

   7   And they started to do away with all the 50-50 rulings

   8   which were in a lot of places and contracts across the country.

   9   THE COURT: They started doing away with it? Who is

   10   "they"?

   11   THE WITNESS: The international they were under

   12   supervision from. It is a very, very political issue in the

   13   City of New York. We are a very large council, so like

14   anything else, you try and wean people into something, and the

   15   international came up with the requesting system, and that was

   16   a way of getting the contractors a little more latitude in

   17   picking who they would have working for them.

18   So the requesting system comes into place. Judge

   19   Conboy, who was overseeing us at the time for the court as far

20   as the consent decree saw it and said it was okay.

21   There was much discussion at the time by the members

22   of the District Council and our international who were putting

23   this in place, and there were a lot of unhappy carpenters, but

24   it prevailed. Now we come into a time in the last, I'll say,

25   five or six years where New York City does not enjoy the same

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54CJDIS4   Thomassen - direct

   1   union background or the same union atmosphere as it has in the

   2   past, and I think that this is something that comes from lack

   3   of knowledge on the part of the government and on the part of

   4   Walter Mack.

   5   In the 50-50, in just looking at it, it looks fair, it

   6   looks democratic, but the reality of it is -- and I will put it

   7   right on the table -- the reality of it is, if New York City is

   8   going to stay a union town, we have to do everything we can to

   9   help our union contractors stay in business. If we don't help

   10   those union contractors stay in business, we can negotiate the

   11   best contracts in the world, but if there is no one around to

   12   employ them, we'll be out of work and the union is going to go

13   down the tubes in New York City.

14   There is a movement on right now by all our

   15   contractors and the associations in connection with the

   16   different trades, the building trades, to get rid of all these

   17   restrictive work rules because we all acknowledge the fact that

   18   if we don't work together, New York is not going to be the

   19   union town that it used to be.

20   And so, therefore, in reference to the requesting

21   system, as far as the District Council of Carpenters are

22   concerned, and anyone that knows what is going on in the field

23   in New York City -- I mean, walk down the block anywhere in New

24   York City and you'll find a three or four or 15 story building

25   being built nonunion, which never, ever happened before.

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286

54CJDIS4   Thomassen - direct

   1   So we have a tiger on our hands, which is the nonunion

   2   entity that is making a move in New York City, and we realize

   3   that if we don't let our companies hire the carpenters who can

   4   produce the work that they bid -- they bid a job based on an

   5   amount of progress they're going to make every day on that job.

   6   If they don't make that, at the end of the job and they lose

   7   money, they can go out of business. Part of the request system

   8   allows our contractors the latitude to hire carpenters who they

   9   think can perform the job.

   10   Now, just so it is clear to everyone in the courtroom,

   11   because it hasn't been mentioned, in our last negotiation we

   12   gave the associations who we negotiate with, and to give a

   13   little background on negotiations, we have about 1800

   14   contractors in our contractor base of signatory contractors in

   15   New York City. We don't negotiate with 1800 individual

   16   contractors. We negotiate with associations.

   17   We have associations that cover the different parts of

   18   the entities that the District Council works under. A lot of

   19   contractors belong to those associations, but a lot of

   20   contractors are independents. That is what we call them. They

   21   don't belong to those associations. They usually sign a

22   compliance letter with the District Council, stating that you

23   negotiate with the associations, whatever they agree with with

24   you, we'll all play along because the one thing that we do do

25   is enforce that all carpenters get paid the same. We don't

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54CJDIS4   Thomassen - direct

1   negotiate different contracts with different companies so one

2   is paying less than another.

3   A carpenter in New York City today makes the same

4   amount of money regardless if he is working for Boom, Tri Built

5   or any other contractor out there. So to set the stage, we

6   negotiate with these associations.

7   In negotiating with these associations, we're trying

8   to get the best agreement we can for our membership. Now, the

9   people who are on the negotiating committee for the District

10   Council, we know we have certain losers in our agreement.

11   These are the restrictive work rules I am talking about.

12   Why should we somewhere down the road just realize

13   that they're no good for the union contractor and they're going

14   to hinder our progress, let's just take them out and say

15   they're no good any more. Why not sell them? They haven't

16   worked at this time, why not sell them to the contractor and

17   get something better for our members in return? That is the

18   position we took at the last negotiation.

19   We enhanced the request system for the contractors for

20   the association. In return, we have the best contract we have

21   ever negotiated, at least in my mind, for the New York City

22   District Council of Carpenters.

23   THE COURT: I take it by what you intend to convey by

24   your last answer, that in the most recent negotiation with the

25   association of contractors with whom you negotiate a collective

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54CJDIS4   Thomassen - direct

1   bargaining agreement, you relaxed or gave something up on

2   the -- you tell me what you meant by that.

3   Did you give something up on the 50-50 rule? Did you

4   grant them greater liberty than they otherwise had had in the

5   past with respect to their ability to request individual

6   carpenters? Is that what was going on?

7   THE WITNESS: Yes, your Honor, we actually did both.

8   With the associations, it used to be that if an

9   employee was going to be requested, he had to show that he

10   worked for the contractor in the past six months. We took that

11   away and said you could request a carpenter. He didn't have to

12   work for you in the last six months.

13   At the same time, what we did also say is that all the

14   independent contractors that work in New York City would not be

15   allowed to request carpenters any more, where they were allowed

16   before. We took the requesting procedure away from the

17   independent contractors, and they have strict 50-50 rules right

18   now today, as we speak. The only ones who are allowed to

19   request are the associations.

20   THE COURT: How can you talk that way to an

21   independent? By definition, he is not a party to the

22   collective bargaining agreement?

23   THE WITNESS: Correct.

24   THE COURT: How can you say anything to such a

25   preacher?

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289

54CJDIS4   Thomassen - direct

   1   THE WITNESS: The way that transpires, your Honor, the

   2   associations look to us and say listen, we are taking the time

   3   to sit down and negotiate a contract with you. We're the ones

   4   setting the standards for the industry. Why should we go

   5   through all this trouble if we are not going to get anything

   6   special for it?

   7   We can't tell the associations you can work for

   8   cheaper wages. We can't tell them they can work for cheaper

   9   benefits to give them an advantage over independent

   10   contractors. What we say to them is, you give us what we're

   11   asking for in the contract and we'll let you have the

   12   requesting system.

   13   All of the independent contractors, so you understand,

   14   are allowed to join any of these associations if they want.

   15   BY MR. ROTHMAN:

   16   Q. Do all of the independent contractors also sign collective

   17   bargaining agreements?

   18   A. Absolutely. Every contractor has an individually signed

   19   corrective bargaining agreement, and they all signed.

   20   THE COURT: Does it follow that such independent

   21   contractors must hire union carpenters?

   22   THE WITNESS: Absolutely. Anyone that signs an

   23   agreement with us, your Honor, they agree to 100 percent union

   24   carpenters.

   25   THE COURT: Under what circumstances can I walk down

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54CJDIS4   Thomassen - direct

   1   the street, as you said a moment ago I could, and see one

   2   building after another springing up with nonunion carpenters?

   3   How does that happen?

   4   THE WITNESS: Okay. It is something that has

   5   transpired over the years. There has always been a nonunion

   6   entity. It is a free country. If the company wants to be

   7   union, they can be union; if they want to be nonunion, they can

   8   be.

   9   You see picket lines in the street and that is some

   10   form that the unions are taking against a nonunion entity. To

   11   be honest with you, in the past the nonunion entity was always

   12   in the residential, small, small part of our industry,

   13   one-family homes, stick-built homes, tract homes, townhouses,

   14   never in the commercial market or the large building market.

   15   They have broken into that market, and they are

   16   building these buildings in front of us as we speak today, 20,

   17   30-story buildings. We have had picket lines around the clock,

   18   24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and they still build the

   19   building.

   20   What our contractors are telling us is that, you know,

   21   these guys don't have any rules. They treat their employees

22   any way they want. They tell them what to do. There is no

23   lunch. We'll give you lunchtime when you want it. You'll work

24   overtime if I want you to. You'll come in and start when I

25   tell you to. There are no rules.

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54CJDIS4   Thomassen - direct

1   Our contractors are saying to you, listen, the reality

2   is here. You have to work with us or we're going to be out of

3   business. That is why, when we talk about the requesting

4   system, that is just not -- I don't think anyone that is

5   fighting for the request system understands that part of our

6   industry because if you take away the requesting system or if

7   someone was to say we're going to go back to a strict 50-50,

8   you just put the lid on the coffin for the carpenters' union.

9   THE COURT: I'll control myself now, Mr. Rothman. I

10   just wanted to put some of these questions.

11   MR. ROTHMAN: Thank you, your Honor.

12   BY MR. ROTHMAN:

13   Q. Can you describe some of the changes in policy that the

14   District Council has instituted with respect to business

15   representatives as a result over the last few years?

16   A. It was a little disturbing yesterday to listen to

17   testimony, and I think if I had Walter back in here, I think he

18   would probably -- Walter is back there.

19   MR. MACK: I am right here.

20   A. We have had discussions over the last two years, and as I

21   said, we started a program which was new to unions in general,

22   especially to the carpenters' union, and there were many items

23   that Walter was quick to point out that we needed to change,

24   and these programs that anyone puts together, whether it is the

25   out-of-work list, referral list, it is all meant for honest

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54CJDIS4   Thomassen - direct

   1   witness. As I said to counsel, I must hear another matter at

   2   about 4:30.

   3   CROSS EXAMINATION

   4   BY MR. TORRANCE:

   5   Q. Good afternoon, Mr. Thomassen.

   6   A. Good afternoon.

   7   Q. Mr. Thomassen, you're currently the president of the

   8   District Council, right?

   9   A. Correct.

   10   Q. You're also a member of the District Council's executive

   11   committee?

   12   A. Correct.

   13   Q. Before that, for many years you have belonged to Local

   14   1456, which is the dock builder's local?

   15   A. Correct.

   16   You spent many years working as a dock builder in that

   17   local?

   18   A. Correct.

   19   Q. But you're not a professional investigator. Isn't that

   20   right?

   21   A. Certainly, I'm not.

   22   Q. You have no training or expertise in how to conduct

   23   investigations?

   24   A. Only what Walter has told us.

   25   Q. You have no training or expertise in how to conduct

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54CJDIS4   Thomassen - cross

   1   surveillance?

   2   A. No.

   3   Q. You have no training or expertise in any other

   4   investigative techniques?

   5   A. Not my forte.

   6   Q. Including you have no training or expertise in how to

   7   develop informants?

   8   A. No. Only if someone called me. I don't know how to

   9   develop them. I would take a call at the council if they

   10   called me.

   11   Q. And, in addition, you have no training or expertise or

   12   experience in developing and securing the cooperation of

   13   witnesses?

   14   A. No, not training, no.

   15   Q. You have no such training or experience in how to run an

   16   anti-corruption hotline?

   17   A. Only the last four years.

   18   Q. In addition, you have no such training or experience in

   19   evaluating professionally the effectiveness of an

   20   anti-corruption program?

   21   A. I think that would be determined on the feedback I get from

   22   the members, the carpenters themselves.

   23   Q. You have no professional training or expertise in that. Is

   24   that correct?

   25   A. In doing surveys or something like that?

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54CJDIS4   Thomassen - cross

   1   Q. In evaluating professionally as a professional

   2   anti-corruption --

   3   A. No. My background is not in anti-corruption programs. The

   4   four years I worked with Walter, I learned a lot. That is my

   5   experience, period.

   6   Q. It is fair to say Mr. Mack has a lot more experience and

   7   expertise in running investigations than you do? A. Absolutely.

   9   Q. You're not a member of the District Council's

   10   anti-corruption committee?

   11   A. I am not a member.

   12   Q. Isn't it true, as Mr. Mack testified earlier, you only have

   13   had limited dealings with Mr. Mack about his actual work as an

   14   independent investigator?

   15   A. As far as attending the committee meetings.

   16   If I may so bold to give you background as why, maybe

   17   your Honor wants to know why the District Council officers are

   18   not part of that anti-corruption committee.

   19   THE COURT: Sure, I want to know why.

   20   THE WITNESS: The reason we are not part of it, we

   21   were advised by counsel that if this program which we agreed

   22   with the government was going to be so that in case there were

   23   any accusations against the officers, the hierarchy of the

   24   council, a reason we decided to pick somebody objective,

   25   independent, and we were advised by counsel if you really want

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Index

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